PR30 – Plant and Equipment Integrity in Water Facilities

Course Description:

This Course is Designed for a wide range of oil and gas water facilities technicians from senior management to those new to the industry, the course form an overview into the role of chemistry in oil and gas production, and how additives and chemicals can be applied to control formation and prevention of oilfield scale and corrosion, and hence to combat natural production challenges.

A comprehensive five-day course covers such subjects as organic and inorganic scale deposition and control; corrosion; crude dehydration; water injection; chemical compatibility flow assurance; and fluids processing. It also demonstrates how process design and chemical applications can be used to improve treatment and recovery.

Course Objectives:

By the end of this course the participants, will attain competency in:

1. Understand scale and corrosion issues in oil and gas water facilities
2. Sampling techniques, wellheads, and online
3. Conduct Water analysis using analytical instruments
4. Awareness on chemicals and their significance
5. Data handling and result Interpretation
6. Acquire practical Knowledge of application and optimization of each chemical.
7. Acquire practical Knowledge for controlled use of chemicals.
8. How to recognize and develop solutions to operating problems in oil/water processing facilities
9. Recognize corrosive conditions and monitor corrosion rates
10. Select and apply corrosion inhibitors
11. Predict and treat emulsions
12. Understand causes and control of foaming
13. Predict scale forming conditions
14. Select and apply scale inhibitors
15. Control gas hydrate formation
16. Scavenge low concentrations of H2S
17. Select and apply water clarifiers
18. Select chemicals for use in deep water
19. Select environmentally friendly chemicals

Course Outline:

1. Water Chemistry
   1. Introduction
   2. Water characteristics and properties
2. Integrity of Water sampling techniques
   1. Water sampling
3. Fundamentals of Scale and corrosion
   1. Scaling
   2. Introduction to Corrosion
   3. Types of Corrosion
4. Microbiological Corrosion
   1. Introduction
   2. Microbes Associated with Oilfield Corrosion
   3. Microbial Interaction with Produced Oil
   4. Microorganisms in Corrosion
   5. Different Mechanisms of Microbial Corrosion
   6. Corrosion Inhibition by Bacteria
   7. Microbial Corrosion Control
5. Concepts of Water Analysis
   1. Introduction to water analysis science
   2. Instrumental water analysis
6. Scale and corrosion index
   1. Saturation level (SL)
   2. Langelier Saturation Index (LSI)
   3. Ryznar Stability Index (RSI)
   4. Puckorius Scaling Index (PSI)
   5. Larson-Skold Index
   6. Oddo-Tomson Index
7. Residual tests
   1. Residual Chemical testing methods
   2. Residual Chlorine testing
   3. Heavy Metals in Produced Water
   4. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS)
   5. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)
8. Major impurities in oil field waters
   1. Introduction
   2. Injection Suitability
   3. Corrosion
   4. Use of Seawater for Injection Purposes
   5. Test Methods Used in Waterflooding Operations
9. Equipment of Chemical and Mechanical Treatment Plants
   1. Chemical treatment
   2. Corrosion Inhibitors
   3. Bacterial Control (Biocides)
   4. Mechanisms of Growth
   5. Bacterial Corrosion
   6. Assessment of the Activity of Biocides
   7. Synergistic Action of Biocides
   8. Treatments with Biocides
   9. Scale Inhibitors
   10. Classification and Mechanism
   11. Mathematical Models
   12. Inhibitor Chemicals
   13. Characterization
   14. Transport Chemicals
   15. Gas Dehydration chemicals
   16. Scavengers
   17. Antifoams
   18. Chemicals of Enhanced Oil Recovery
   19. Calculation of chemical injection rates
10. Mechanical Treatments (Crude Oil Treating Systems)
    1. Gravity Separation,
    2. Treating Equipment,
    3. Equipment Sizing and Theory,
    4. Produced-Water Treating Systems
    5. Gravity Separation,
    6. Treating Equipment,
11. Monitoring and results interpretation
    1. Interpretation of oil field water analysis results